Why do some birds swoop?

Having a bird swoop towards your head can be very scary. Birds generally swoop for one of 2 reasons – to protect their eggs or young during the breeding season, or to get food.

Swooping is a common defensive behaviour. The birds aim to threaten or bluff and the intention is only to ward off intruders from their territory. They are simply trying to ensure that their babies are safe. Not all birds, or even all individuals of the same species swoop.

The most well known example of a swooping bird is the Australian Magpie. However it is estimated that only about 9% of magpies actually swoop and the vast majority of those are males. Pedestrians tend to be swooped within 30-50m of the nest and bike riders from about 100m from the nest. The likelihood of an attack is increased if they are teased or feel threatened in any way. In most cases, the bird won’t make contact, but, if they are going to strike they will generally swoop, then hover above your head before striking. Hearing fluttering above you can indicate a strike is imminent.

The best strategy is to avoid areas where aggressive birds are swooping at people during breeding season, based on local knowledge. However, don't be concerned simply because there are magpies present.

If you have to move through an area with an aggressive magpie (or any other bird) you can try:

• Moving straight through the area. If you are on a bike you are less likely to be attacked if you hop off and walk rather than ride quickly through
• Wearing a hat or helmet (note that a helmet will not protect your neck) and sunglasses to protect your eyes
• Drawing a pair of eyes and wearing them at the back of your head. Birds are less likely to attack if they think you are watching them

Remember do not harm your local birdlife. Attacking aggressive species can escalate their behaviour. Also leave their nests alone – removing the nest will result in the birds becoming more aggressive and usually simply breeding again. All native birds are protected under the Wildlife Act 1975 and there are serious penalties for taking, harassing or injuring native wildlife. It is illegal to kill birds, or to interfere with their nests containing eggs or young without a permit or authority. 

If you have a particularly aggressive bird that you are concerned about, contact your local council. In extreme cases, aggressive birds may be relocated or destroyed by a licenced wildlife controller.