How to humanely euthanise Blackbirds?

30 posts / 0 new
Last post
Nichos
Nichos's picture
How to humanely euthanise Blackbirds?

Hi,

hoping to to get some advice. I have blackbird fledglings and a breeding pair nesting in the eave of my house through the gap under a roof tile.

Not something I'm looking forward to doing but need to assist the natives with growing dominance of blackbirds in the region.

zosterops
zosterops's picture

are you sure they aren't starlings?

v. unusual nesting location for a blackbird...

zosterops
zosterops's picture

unless you're on the fringe of the blackbird's range where it is just getting established i'm dubious on the effectiveness of localised culling programmes of a couple of nests or a few dozen adults in a season. in Tasmania back in the 50s they killed something like 70,000 birds over a few years and the total population increased over the study period. 

Woko
Woko's picture

Perhaps the population would have increased even more had the culling not occurred.

If everyone who has a Blackbird's nest on their property destroyed it surely that would go some distance to managing this pest's numbers. But as some folk have pointed out prevention of habitat destruction might have more benefits for native wildlife than destroying Blackbird nests. Then again to promote this stance might well be used as an excuse by others to do absolutely nothing. 

In answer to your question, Nichos, the most humane way of dealing with Blackbirds (or Starlings, as these birds seem to be due to their nesting behavior) is to be vigilant during breeding season & destroy their nests &/or eggs before the young hatch. Also ensure their are no holes for Starlings to use in the first place. 

However, since you have these exotic young birds already chirping, I suspect all you can do is remove them & their nest & adopt the short & sharp approach. It may sound cruel but I always ask people to consider whether it's much, much crueler to bring about the extinction of a species by allowing populations of exotics to build up. 

zosterops
zosterops's picture

well even if the blackbirds (and other exotic birds) were somehow eliminated from suburban areas it would not mean the return of natives as the habitat would be unsuited, though this is presupposed on the notion that blackbirds competitively exclude native species, a theory i've yet to see any peer-reviewed data on, only supposition. 

Many common birds (especially prey species, of which the blackbird is one) are adapted to withstand remarkable regular or periodic population declines. In California 1.2 million California Quail are shot every year, and the population apparently continues to increase.  

In France over one million blackbirds are shot every year, apparently the population is unaffected. 

jason

gee zosterops I hope that is not the same with cats....or cain toads.  Just wondering if the natural enemy numbers of those Quail and Blackbirds are low due to habitate loss. But the adaption to possible new found abundance of breeding opportunities for the quail and blackbirds keeps numbers high.    

Nichos, when you consider how long, messy, and suffering nature deals with death, anything you do that is quick will be fine. Towel, impliment, bin may be all you need.  Us humans get all this and that over death.  It scares us, and we nancy pance around what it should or shouldn't be.  If you are convinced it is an aggressive import, than do it quick and do it for the locals who can't talk. Then feel satisfied you have made a little difference towards a better future. Even better go plant a tree to celibrate.   

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

zosterops
zosterops's picture

Re: cats
http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2015/04/07/4203004.htm

http://theconversation.com/culling-pest-animals-can-do-more-harm-than-good-40702

Culling is only likely to be effective on small islands where recolonisation is difficult, but even then 'For example, a study of ferrets on a British island showed that trapping and removal resulted in a doubling of the size of the ferret population over pre-culling levels.'

jason

Hmmm I can see his point, and I like his fences and wood pile ideas. But the cats will just sit off the fringe of the wood pile and wait.  I watched cats do the same thing under a water trough out west.  Bird lands, bends down to drink, bird dies.  

I think like a leak in a bucket, if it keeps going and is fatser then the refill rate, it eventually drains.  Culling cats, or any introduced animal needs the pressure applied and keeping it on. Numbers may seem to spike, but as ol mate said, it's just other cats or what ever the target species comming in for a look at the new territory.  The water level is slowly going down even though it may appear it isn't.   

I feel we owe to this country.  We do it on Islands and see the success of recovery rates of local indangered species, we just have to suck it up and start on the mainland.  

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

zosterops
zosterops's picture

culling of established populations of rapid-breeding species living in ideal habitat encourages multiple broods/extended breeding season/larger broods which would not have otherwise occurred by freeing up resources that would otherwise have been consumed, facilitating more breeding pairs to take advantage of 'good times' and their offspring quickly offsetting any losses sustained by culling (this is how many game species like some ducks and quail can thrive under seemingly ridiculously heavy hunting pressure)

GregL
GregL's picture

The arguements for culling are always more emotional than scientific. People see an invader and want to take action, and killing things always seems like strong action. Unfortunately things are always more complicated than we like, and culling humans isn't acceptable. I have blackbirds at my place, they are a bit annoying because they are so noisy, but I haven't noticed them causing any problems for native birds. They feed on the ground but I have plenty of ground feeding birds like wrens, choughs and cuckoos around, blackbirds don't seem to bother them. I don't think that killing things solves problems, with the exception of blackberry bushes, and even then I love blackberry jam so I tolerate a certain level of blackberry infestation.

zosterops
zosterops's picture

it is very difficult to isolate competition from other factors affecting species distribution and abundance (e.g. the blackbird may be blamed for the decline in other birds without considering other factors at play). 

There may also be indirect impacts, e.g. the blackbird spreading various weeds and changing the vegetation composition and favouring itself over other birds, but then again it spreads various native plants and (as in NZ) may have become an essential dispersal agent in lieu of native birds which have disappeared locally and may have kept some plant species going. 

http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/news/9961859/Exotic-birds-may-be-helping-eco-system

it seems some nz plants would be extinct if it weren't for blackbirds and song thrushes. 

I'm very cautious of radical weed destruction after local councils wiped out local fairy-wren populations by removing their only habitat (gorse, boxthorn and blackberries).    

jason

maybe just do nothing then. Scientist change the "best know practice" all the time so what in this decade is out the next. Evolution rolls on and it is what it is.  No one really knows....  

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

Woko
Woko's picture

Lots of food for thought. What it suggests to me is that our native animals require an integrated approach where a variety of methods (culling, habitat restoration, biological control etc.) are used in concert. And the integrated approach requires persistence, something Australians with their short attention spans & three year election cycle are not good at. Single solution approaches are likely to fail. E.g.,  Zosterops' local councils adopted the wholesale eradication of non native habitat rather than its gradual removal & replacing it with indigenous habitat plantings. 

Doing nothing seems defeatist but waiting until the most effective approaches are devised & implemented could see the extinction of species before anything happens. We seem to have painted ourselves & much of our wildlife into an impossible corner. 

jason

Yes woko I think that you have nailed it again, the impossible corner.  And one that is so dissapointing, and frustrating.  Our breif 227 years of occupation in perhaps what was the worlds last great island, and we took its innocence like a dirty pedafile. Now we have a half functioning enity plagued with issues.     

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

zosterops
zosterops's picture

it's a tricky one. 

then there's the case of even where control measures of introduced species have been successful at least initially (e.g. rabbit control with myxomatosis prior to the development of resistance) leading to a decline in Little Eagles as they were left without a food source (their original prey mammals having long since been extirpated). 

Woko
Woko's picture

And so we come full circle to habitat protection & restoration accompanied by feral eradication, breeding & reintroduction programmes. Expensive? I hardly think so given the money spent on war, gambling, legal drugs, subsidies to the dirty energy industry etc. 

Woko
Woko's picture

Hi knowing starlet. As I understand it, you're not an advocate of culling/killing Common Blackbirds because you see it to be cruel.

It certainly can be cruel but if, as a preferred strategy, Blackbird nests in Australia are destroyed before breeding occurs then no cruelty whatsoever is involved. Certainly, most people feel squeamish when it comes to actually killing an introduced bird but even this can be done quickly with minimal pain for the bird.

I prefer to take a rather broader perspective on eradicating introduced birds by focusing on the conservation of native bird species & their habitats. Given this perspective, which is more cruel: the humane euthanising of introduced birds in Australia or the extinction of native bird species because introduced birds have taken over their habitats & ecological niches?

Of course, introduced birds are but one of many threats to our native wildlife, direct & indirect habitat destruction being foremost.

Yes, it is a cruel world, one in which, sadly, Nature is finding it virtually impossible to take care of itself as humans & their technologies destroy habitats & their inhabitants on a massive scale. Nature needs a helping hand or two or three if we are to preserve our fast disappearing biodiversity which, after all, is what we as a species depend on for our existence.

Martyn

Starlet, if you wish to question the legitimacy of the killing/culling process, you're best off doing it in the manner zosterops is; by bringing in evidence and reasoned thought. It holds a lot more sway than trying to take a moral highground and writing some odd religious analogy. Anyway, apart from the effectiveness of culling, zosterops also touched on another important point of discussion. Although the Blackbird is an exotic species, that doesn't mean they are necessarily harmful to the natural ecosystem, just as being a native species doesn't mean they are necessarily beneficial to the natural ecosystem (Pittosporum Undulatum, crown of thorn starfish etc.).

As zosterops noted, studies in NZ have indicated mutualistic benefits between the Blackbird and native plants, as it tends to be a rather indiscriminatory frugivore (fruit eater, new word for me) which involves it in spreading of seeds of native plants. This is particularly important in areas where the natural biotic seed distribution channels have broken down due to the decline or extinction of native avifauna. I think the current paper I am reading sums it up quite nicely. "Although the European blackbirds will never compensate for loss of endemic New Zealand birds, they may help to make the best of a bad situation."

Although no similar study has been performed in Australia in relation to how it interacts with our native flora, it is quite probable it is offering the same service to us. It's implication in the spread of Pittosporum Undulatum (native plant turned weed), would suggest to me at least that to some extent it does perform the same service, in the sense that it can assist the propagation of native species that employ that method of reproduction. Obviously, this means they can also act to disperse exotic species, but studies have shown native birds can also partake in that process if the opportunity is presented.

Another publishication in Australian Field Ornithology journal remarked: "This note describes two cases of a native bird species feeding commensally with the introduced Common Blackbird Turdus merula while the latter was feeding on the ground: juvenile Masked Lapwings Vanellus miles, and a Brown Thornbill Acanthiza pusilla. In both cases the native species followed, and appeared to benefit from, the Blackbird's foraging activities." Perhaps it also assists other native species in foraging as well, although this paper is rather anecdotal and more an observation rather than a fully conducted study.

What was most surprising, to me at least, was the lack of information pertaining to the Blackbird as a threat to other avifauna, although it is important to not confuse a lack of evidence with evidence indicating it poses no substantial threat. As zosterops said "well even if the blackbirds (and other exotic birds) were somehow eliminated from suburban areas it would not mean the return of natives as the habitat would be unsuited, though this is presupposed on the notion that blackbirds competitively exclude native species, a theory i've yet to see any peer-reviewed data on, only supposition." In fact from what I've read, I'd be inclined to agree. The Blackbird tends to most strongly associate with urban/suburban areas, and its threats are mainly implicated as being competing with the Bassian and Grey-Shrike Thrush whom would most likely not be successful in urban areas due to their preferred habitat and behaviour, regardless of Blackbird presence.

At this point, I think the question stands, what do we really gain from attempting to control their numbers? Particularly in urban areas, I don't see much evidence supporting it from a conservational point of view, but perhaps rather the opposite. Such a species may actually be beneficial to our native ecosystem in lieu of lost native avifauna, and removing it from areas where it has been present and integrated for ~150 years might prove detrimential to other aspects of the ecosystem. At the end of the day though most of this is just conjecture. The truth is though that we need some solid data on how they impact native species before making such a definite call, especially regarding non-urbanised areas where they may have spread and are more likely to be competing with natives that would be more viable in their absence.

Anyway, eventually I feel this all plays into a concept expressed by a paper published in 2011 called "Don't judge species on their origins". Once again I'm going to quote the paper I'm reading because they can phrase things far more eloquently then I can, but it expresses the basic idea far better than I could. "Davis et al. (2011) recently called for a reappraisal of the commonly held belief that introduced species are universally harmful. They argue that non-native species are now permanent features of most 'natural' ecosystems worldwide so they should be judged based on their functioning within the ecosystems to which they have been introduced. In this case, blackbirds appear to consume a similar range of fruits to native New Zealand birds and may provide effective seed dispersal services in their absence."

In fact, just to illustrate this point, if you want to target your conservation funding most effectively it seems it would be best directed at controlling the native noisy miner rather than the well-known exotic pest of the Common Myna, let alone the Common Blackbird whose effects remain to a large extent unquanitified. Anyway just some food for thought, apologies for the long post.

http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-14/native-noisy-miners-cause-more-damage-than-introduced-species/5964328

NZ Paper: Burns, K. C. (2012). Are introduced birds unimportant mutualists? A case study of frugivory in European blackbirds (Turdus merula). New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 171-176.

Davis, M. A., Chew, M. K., Hobbs, R. J., Lugo, A. E., Ewel, J. J., Vermeij, G. J., ... & Thompson, K. (2011). Don't judge species on their origins.Nature, 474(7350), 153-154.

EDIT Just some extra factors and future research directions the NZ paper notes;

"Future work might also benefit from investigating whether blackbirds compete with native birds for food resources."

"Seeds ingested by blackbirds could have lower germination rates than through native bird species, or blackbirds may disperse seeds over smaller spatial scales, reducing probabilities of establishment. Future work on the relative roles introduced birds play in avian seed dispersal mutualisms would benefit from investigating how blackbirds influence later stages of plant recruitment."

jason

Umm.... Knowing Starlet is entited to a view, and it should remain.  Not be edited out of the thread because others have different views.  If science took only one view, than we would be in more striff than we are currently.  I and others may not agree with views of others, but they should remain.  It helps us grow. There was nothing offensive in the thread, and I was not sure who it was targeted at, but that is just my interpritation.  I was going to reply if men didn't kill, we would not have the freedoms and liberties we all enjoy in this country.  We kill for what we love and cherrish, in this thread native birds and habitate.

However perhaps it should be..

Science omits emotions, emotions are what drives us humans to care.  With no emotions science is pointless.  

Now I have no evidance, just pure emotions, but I'm willing to read and listen to others, right or wrong.   

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

Martyn

I don't quite follow how science is devoid of emotion. I would argue most people involved in studies and programs regarding conservation issues are quite passionate about the topic and invested in the conservation of species and life. Scientific studies involving animals are also subject to strict ethical protocols to ensure they are conducted in an appropriate manner, if you're referring to that. However, even if you think scientific studies and their suggestions are devoid of emotion, science does not decide policies but rather informs it. If suggestions or actions are considered inappropriate, they shouldn't make it through into policy.

jason

Are you the one who pulled the post?  I'm just saying science's role is to set peramiters, study, and report regardless of findings.  To pull a post because it may be deemed by someone as emotional hog wash, and let a scientific post prevail is wrong.  But we live in a democracy and it's not my forum so all is well.

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

Martyn

I'm not a forum moderator.

Martyn

And yes that's how science works. Why would the findings make it so it wouldn't be reported on? Sounds exactly like the backwards thinking of many centuries ago that left people believing in the geocentric model when evidence suggested otherwise. 

Martyn

EDIT: I think I have misinterpreted your post. I think what you're getting at is that a post shouldn't be removed on the grounds of being non-scientific so as to discard a religious/moral/ethical standpoint from being expressed, and I agree with that. As I said it wasn't me that removed the post. However that being said, I think the post was rather poorly worded, and was probably removed because it seemed inflammatory and provocative in nature, rather than because it expressed a different viewpoint.

jason

Amateur, don't get me wrong, I'm not looking for disrupton either.  Science is a wonderful thing, and by god we need it.  But some of us are not that bright.  We only have our own floundering experiences to go on; emotions are usually part of that.

With no spell checker on this site, and no editing functions if one is useing a Mac, a well worded and constructed paragraphs could be seen as quite an achievement.  I know I must frustrate many.    

Ipswich Shire Eastern flanks

Martyn

Just to clarify, when I said the post was poorly worded I was referring to Starlet's post. Your wording wasn't at fault but rather my understanding.

Rick N
Rick N's picture

Haven't seen the deleted post so can't make a judgement on whether deleting it was the correct move but

having been involved with another forum the most angst created was due to just this type of event.

I ended up moderating the forum for some time and strenuously resisted pulling a post unless it

involved slander, profanity, that type of thing. On relinquishing the position (read voted out at the annual elections :-))

the new moderators took a different view and started pulling posts for political reasons.

That forum died very quickly.

zosterops
zosterops's picture

haven't seen the post in question but i don't care how iconoclastic one's ideological propensities are, free thought should remain lest we devolve into an orwellian dystopia. 

though is it possible the post was deleted at the users behest? 

Rick N
Rick N's picture

zosterops wrote:

haven't seen the post in question but i don't care how iconoclastic one's ideological propensities are, free thought should remain lest we devolve into an orwellian dystopia. 

though is it possible the post was deleted at the users behest? 

Ok, had to look up "iconoclastic" :-) but agree completely.

It is possible that post was deleted or requested to be deleted by the user.

Without moderator clarification, when a post is pulled, the question remains.

Martyn

I'm quite sure one cannot fully delete their own post. The general gist of it was that it's not humans place to interfere with nature and that it's cruel to kill birds, and they also seem quite aggrieved at the use of the word cull in place of kill and (I think) was labelling bird vigilante groups as bird killers.

However I think at this stage, our situation can hardly be deemed natural though considering how much anthropogenic action has already driven extensive change in our natural ecosystems. And as a result where possible we should be doing our best to best protect and preserve those species that are declining/going extinct due to the changes we've forced upon them.

 and   @birdsinbackyards
                 Subscribe to me on YouTube